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| 柴油发电机的错误操作 |
柴油发电机组错误操纵一：柴油发电机在机油不足时运转
此时会因机油供应不足而造成各摩擦副表面供油不足，导致异常磨损或烧伤。为此，柴油发电机起步前和柴油发电机运转过程中要保证机油充足，防止因为缺油而引起拉缸、烧瓦故障。
柴油发电机组错误操纵二：在冷却水量不足或冷却水、机油温渡过高的情况下运转
柴油发电机组冷却水量不足会降低其冷却效果，柴油发电机因得不到有效的冷却而过热；冷却水、机油的油温过高，也会引起柴油机过热。此时柴油发电机气缸盖、气缸套、活塞组件及气门等主要受热负荷大，其机械机能如强度、韧性等急剧下降，使零件变形增加，减小了零件间的配合间隙，加速机件磨损，严峻时还会产生裂纹、机件卡住的故障。柴油发电机过热还会恶化柴油机燃烧过程，使喷油器工作变态，雾化不良，积炭增多。
柴油发电机错误操纵三：冷启动后未暖机就带负荷运转
柴油发电机冷机启动时，因为机油黏度大、活动性差，是机油泵供油不足，机器摩擦面因缺油润滑不良，造成急剧磨损，甚至发生拉缸、烧瓦等故障。因此，柴油发电机冷却启动后应怠速运转升温，待机油温度达到40℃以上时再带负荷运转；机器起步应挂低速挡，并循序在每一挡位行驶一段里程，直到油温正常、供油充分后，方可转为正常行驶。
柴油发电机错误操纵四：柴油发电机冷启动后猛轰油门
若猛轰油门，则柴油发电机转速急剧升高，会造成机上的有些摩擦面因产生干摩擦而剧烈磨损。另外，轰油门时活塞、连杆和曲轴受理力变化大，引起剧烈撞击，易损坏机件。
柴油发电机错误操纵五：带负荷急停机或溘然卸除负荷后当即停机
柴油机发电机熄火后冷却系水的轮回休止，散热能力急剧降低，受热件失去冷却，易造成气缸盖、气缸套、气缸体等机件过热，产生裂纹，或使活塞过度膨胀卡死在缸套内。另一方面，柴油发电机停机时未经怠速降温，会使摩擦面含油不足，当柴油发电机再次启动时会因润滑不良而加剧磨损。因此，柴油发电机熄火前应卸除负荷，并逐渐降低转速、空载运转几分钟。
Diesel generator error manipulating a: diesel generators run on oil
At this time will be caused by the oil supply shortage of lubricating oil in the surface of the friction pair, lead to abnormal wear or burns. Therefore, in the process of the diesel generator and diesel generator before start to ensure the oil is enough, prevent because of lack of oil cylinder, tile burning was caused by the fault.
Diesel generator error control 2: in the cooling water shortage or cooling water, the oil under the condition of high temperature through the operation
Diesel generator cooling water shortage will reduce the cooling effect, diesel generators due to overheating rather than effective cooling; High oil temperature of the cooling water, oil, can also cause the diesel engine is overheating. The diesel generator cylinder head, cylinder liner, piston components and valve such as the main heat load is big, sharp decline in its mechanical function such as strength, toughness, increase the deformation of parts, reduce the fit clearance between the parts, accelerate parts wear and tear, serious when still can produce crack, parts stuck fault. Diesel generator overheating will also worsen diesel engine combustion process, make the fuel injector work abnormal condition, atomization, carbon deposit.
Diesel generator error control three: after cold start loading operation without warm-up
Diesel generator cooling machine starts, because the oil viscosity, poor mobility, is that shortage of lubricating oil in oil pump to machine friction surface for lack of oil, poor lubrication cause rapid wear, such as cylinder, tile burning even failure. Diesel generators, therefore, should be idle running after cooling start to heat up, for the oil loading again when the temperature is above 40 ℃; Machine should start on low gear, and step by step in a mileage every gears, until the oil temperature is normal, after fully, only to run normally.
Diesel generator error control four: diesel generator cold start after fierce boom throttle
If fierce detonation throttle, the diesel generator speed rise sharply, will cause some friction on the surface due to dry friction and severe wear. In addition, the boom throttle when the piston, connecting rod and crank shaft force change is big, cause dramatic impact, easy attaint parts.
Diesel generator error manipulating five: loading urgent outage or with removable load immediately after downtime
Diesel generator cooling system water after the cycle of inactivity, the heat dissipation capacity sharply reduce, the heat loss of cooling, easy to cause the cylinder head, cylinder liner, cylinder block, such as overheated parts, cracks, or stuck within the cylinder piston. Diesel generators, on the other hand, when stop without idle cooling, can make the friction surface oil shortage, when diesel generator starts again due to bad lubrication and aggravate wear. Therefore, diesel generator should be removed before shut down load, and gradually reduce no-load running speed, a few minutes. |
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